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Apple-Samsung Case Shows How Far U.S. Design Patents Have Come

9:10 pm in apple macintosh, case deals, design patent, design patents, graphical user interface, patent infringement, preliminary injunction, ron epstein, Technology, time apple, utility patents by PinkTeaPatriot

By Lisa Shuchman

Posted: Aug.1st, 2012

The high-stakes battle between Apple Inc. and Samsung Electronics Ltd. that began this week in federal court highlights a significant change that has taken place in the world of intellectual property law since the 1980s and 1990s: the steep rise in importance of the design patent.

Back in 1988, Apple sued Microsoft Corporation, alleging the company had infringed its copyright on the “look and feel” of the Apple Macintosh’s graphical user interface. That suit, which Apple ultimately lost, was a copyright case in which Apple had to show to the court that Microsoft had actually copied the design and appearance of Apple’s computer. In 1994, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit ruled that under copyright law, “Apple cannot get patent-like protection for the idea of a graphical user interface.”

Fast forward to Apple’s current lawsuit against Samsung and the focus is once again on design. But this time, Apple is alleging patent infringement—not copyright. And while some of the case deals with utility patents—those that focus on how something works—much of it revolves around design patents, which center on how something looks. In fact, Judge Lucy Koh, who is presiding in the case, noted in an earlier ruling: “It is the design patents that are at the core of this preliminary injunction motion.”

“With this case, design rights have taken center stage in the world of patent law,” said Christopher Carani, a partner at McAndrews, Held & Malloy.

In the 80s and early 90s, patents weren’t as much of a focus in technology as they are today, according to Ron Epstein, chief executive officer of Epicenter IP Group. “But patents today play a more important role in protecting innovation,” he said.

Design patents in particular are playing a more important role. In 1994, for example, 11,000 design patents were issued in the United States, according to the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office’s database. In 2011, the USPTO issued almost double that number: 21,356.

Read More: Law.com

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by Toria

Obama citizen-detention plan in trouble

8:38 pm in christopher hedges, Civil Rights, daniel ellsberg, defense authorization act, Featured, first amendment rights, herb titus, Legislation, national defense authorization, National Defense Authorization Act, News Feed, noam chomsky, preliminary injunction, spotlight, temporary restraining order by Toria

Obama citizen-detention plan in trouble

by Bob Unruh @ WND.com

A district-court judge has suspended enforcement of a law that could strip U.S. citizens of their civil rights and allow indefinite detention of individuals President Obama believes to be in support of terror.

The Obama administration has refused to ensure that the First Amendment rights of authors and writers who express contrary positions or report on terror group activities are protected under his new National Defense Authorization Act.

Targeted in the stunning ruling from U.S. District Judge Katherine B. Forrest of New York was Paragraph 1021 of the NDAA, which Obama signed into law last Dec. 31. The vague provision appears to allow for the suspension of civil rights for, and indefinite detention of, those individuals targeted by the president as being in support of terror.

Virginia already has passed a law that states it will not cooperate with such detentions, and several local jurisdictions have done the same. Arizona, Rhode Island, Maryland, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Washington also have reviewed such plans.

The case was before Forrest on a request for a temporary restraining order. The case was brought on behalf of Christopher Hedges, Daniel Ellsberg, Jennifer Bolen, Noam Chomsky, Alex O’Brien, Kai Warg All, Brigitta Jonsottir and the group U.S. Day of Rage. Many of the plaintiffs are authors or reporters who stated that the threat of indefinite detention by the U.S. military already had altered their activities.

Constitutional expert Herb Titus filed a friend-of-the-court brief on behalf of the sponsor of the Virginia law, Delegate Bob Marshall, and others.

Titus, an attorney with William J. Olson, P.C., told WND that the judge’s decision to grant a preliminary injunction halting enforcement of paragraph 1021 “affirms the constitutional position taken by Delegate Marshall is correct.”

The impact is that “the statute does not have sufficient constitutional guidelines to govern the discretion of the president in making a decision whether to hold someone in indefinite military detention,” Titus said.

The judge noted that the law doesn’t have a requirement that there be any knowledge that an act is prohibited before a detention, he said. The judge also said the law is vague, and she appeared to be disturbed that the administration lawyers refused to answer her questions.

The opinion underscores “the arrogance of the current regime, in that they will not answer questions that they ought to answer to a judge because they don’t think they have to,” Titus said.

The judge explained that the plaintiffs alleged paragraph 1021 is “constitutionally infirm, violating both their free speech and associational rights guaranteed by the 1st Amendment as well due process rights guaranteed by the 5th Amendment.”

She noted the government “did not call any witnesses, submit any documentary evidence or file any declarations.”

“It must be said that it would have been a rather simple matter for the government to have stated that as to these plaintiffs and the conduct as to which they would testify, that [paragraph] 1021 did not and would not apply, if indeed it did or would not,” she wrote.

Instead, the administration only responded with, “I’m not authorized to make specific representations regarding specific people.”

“The court’s attempt to avoid having to deal with the constitutional aspects of the challenge was by providing the government with prompt notice in the form of declarations and depositions of the … conduct in which plaintiffs are involved and which they claim places them in fear of military detention,” she wrote.

“To put it bluntly, to eliminate these plaintiffs’ standing simply by representing that their conduct does not fall within the scope of 1021 would have been simple. The government chose not to do so – thereby ensuring standing and requiring this court to reach the merits of the instant motion.

“Plaintiffs have stated a more than plausible claim that the statute inappropriately encroaches on their rights under the 1st Amendment,” she wrote.

Forrest found that the plaintiffs had a reasonable fear of detention based on the language of the statute. She ordered the provision not to be enforced until further proceedings in her court or “remedial” action by Congress that would restore those protections.

During a hearing, Hedges, a longtime international reporter, testified that in connection with his reporting he interviewed members of Hamas, met with leadership and even stayed in their homes.

The brief was on behalf of Marshall and other individuals and organizations including the United States Justice Foundation, Downsize DC Foundation, Institute on the Constitution, Gun Owners of America, Western Center for Journalism, the Tenth Amendment Center and Pastor Chuck Baldwin.

“The government was given a number of opportunities at the hearing and in its briefs to state unambiguously that the type of expressive and associational activities engaged in by plaintiffs – or others – are not within [paragraph] 1021. It did not. This court therefore must credit the chilling impact on 1st Amendment rights as reasonable – and real,” Forrest said.

Marshall’s HB1160 passed the Virginia House of Delegates by a vote of 87-7 and the Virginia Senate 36-1. Since the vote was on changes recommended by Gov. Bob McDonnell, it was scheduled to take effect without further vote.

Read More: WND.com